Supporting Documentation for Cornelius Ward Friend.
D.H. Friend Family Bible: Cornelus W. Friend born June 22, 1804. Decd. Jany 7th 1884.
Blooming Rose Cemetery, Tombstone (photo): Cornelius W. Friend, born Jun 22, 1804, died Jan 7, 1884.
Allegany County (MD) Courthouse, marriage license: 1827 Jun 27, Cornelius Friend and Sarah Kemp.
ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/md/allegany/vitals/malemar2.txt [accessed Dec 2004]
BLM, Land Patents, Ohio Land Records, Steubenville Land Office.
Patentee: Cornelius W. Friend of Allegany Co, MD.
Document no. 2500. Issued: 1 Dec 1830.
Authority: Full cash payment.
Land Description: Ohio River Survey, 1 lot, Twp 13N, Rng 4W, Sec.26, E ½, NW ¼.
Total: 80 acres.
www.glorecords.blm.gov/PatentSearch/Default.asp?1830 Fox Twp, Columbiana Co, OH (M19-128), p473, ln9.
Charles F. Friend, 1m 20-30, 1f 20-30 (the only Friend in Fox Twp)
Presumably the census taker was transcribing from field notes.
(ln8 John Potts, ln10 William Wheeler)
1830 Fox Twp, Columbiana Co, OH, p474.
Andrew House 1m 60-70, 1f 60-70.
(Next door, Samual Ward, Andrew House, Charles House, and Andrew House)
1840 Fox Twp, Carroll Co, OH (M704-381), p215, ln10.
Corn W. Friend, 2m 5-10, 1m 30-40, 2f 0-5, 1f 30-40. (the only Friend in Fox Twp)
(ln9 Cyrus W. Hart, ln10 John Blackledge)
2m 5-10 (John-8, Ira-10),
1m 30-40 (Cornelius-36),
2f 0-5 (Elizabeth-2, Sarah-3),
1f 30-40 (Sarah-30).
1849 Jan 22, Father's Will: John Friend of Allegany Co, MD, to son Cornelius Ward Friend, the sum of one dollar. (Allegany Co, MD, Will Book A, p694)
1850 (10 Aug) 10th Dist., Glades, Allegany Co, MD, p44a, ln13, dw590, fm593.
Cornelius Friend, 46, b. MD, Hunter,
Sarah, 39, b. MD,
Areolus, 20, b. OH,
John, 17, b. OH,
Elisabeth, 9, b. OH,
Wm., 9, b. OH,
Martha, 3, b. OH,
Marshall, 1, b. MD,
Eugene Wolf, 22, b. PA, laborer.
(p43b are the families of brothers dw582 Stephen W., dw581 Elijah, p45 is the family of brother dw605 Joseph, bros., David & Willis not found in Allegany Co)
1860 2nd Dist., Selbysport PO, Allegany Co, MD, p624. ln27.
Cornelius Friend, 60, b. MD, farmer,
Sarah, 50 b. MD,
William, 19 farmer, b. MD,
Marshall, 17 b. MD,
Martha, 15, b. MD,
Taylor, 13, b. MD.
1870 2nd Dist., Selbysport PO, Allegany Co, MD, p30, ln21, dw203, fm204.
Cornelise Friend, 66, b. MD, farmer, real estate $5000,
Sarah, 61, b. MD,
Marshall, 21, b. MD, farm laborer,
Taylor, 19, b. MD, farm laborer,
Cornelius, 12, b. MD,
Lucinda Gunther, 16.
1880 census, apparently reported twice.
1880 Grant, Preston Co, WV (T9-1411), p4, ln5, dw25, fm25.
head - Cornelius Friend, 76, b. MD, parents b. MD., Occ; disabled,
wife - Sarah, 71, b. PA, parents b. PA, Occ; keeping house
house keeping - Martha Savage, 20,
1880 Pleasant Dist., Preston Co, WV (T9-1411), p6, ln5, dw48, fm48.
head - Cornelius Friend, 76, b. MD, parents b. MD, Occ; farmer.
wife - Sarah, 71, b. PA, parents b. PA, Occ; farmer.
servant - Samantha Savage, 19, b. MD.
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Geography
1789 Allegany Co from Washington Co, MD;
1872 Garrett Co from Allegany Co, MD.
BLM, Land Patents, Ohio Land Records, Steubenville Land Office.
Patentee: Cornelius W. Friend of Allegany Co, MD.
Document no. 2500. Issued: 1 Dec 1830.
Authority: Full cash payment.
Land Description: Ohio River Survey, 1 lot, Twp 13N, Rng 4W, Sec.26, E ½, NW.
Total: 80 acres.
1830, Sec26, Twp13, Rng4 is in Fox Township, Columbiana Co, OH. 24 Dec 1832, Carroll Co, OH, was formed from its five neighboring counties -- Stark, Columbiana, Jefferson, Harrison, and Tuscarawas, which included Fox Twp. No where can I find anything resembling Pottstown. On modern maps, section 26 is between Scroggsfield and Wattsville, on the Upper North Fork Stream, which flows to Bergholtz.
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OLSEN, Evelyn G. "Indian Blood." McClain Printing Co., Parsons WV, 1967.
Chapter XX - Neal Returns from Ohio, pp161-175.
p99, birth of Cornelius in 1804, s/o John Friend, Jr.
p103. Cornelius moved to OH when Harry was about two.
p161, Neil left Sang Run, MD and lived in OH for about seventeen years arriving in Carroll Co., in the 1820's. 1830 Neil was farming 80 acres in Carroll Co., OH. He later returned to MD with his wife and four remaining children - Elizabeth, Ira Ellis, John H. and William H. H. (four others had died in OH}, William, Sarah Jane, and James). Back in MD, Martha Jane, Marshall and Zachariah Taylor were born. Neil spent most of his time after that in MD moving just across the line to WV late in life where he died.
p161 Cornelius married to Sarah A. Kemp in 1826.
p163. When Neal had returned to Sang Run, his mother had died in 1845, and his father was now 82 years.
p164. Neal was home again (MD), he was thirty-eight, six feet, seven inches.
p165. 1851 Neal bought a farm on Cherry Hill near the Mineral Springs, not far from Sand Spring. Besides farming Neal owned a "Grog and Grocery Shop." He was also a large scale stock raiser, and took advantage of the glades for pasturing his cattle, a custom whereby different men in old Allegany acquired wealth. He became Justice of the Peace.
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Chapter XX - Neal Returns from Ohio, pp161-175.
"On Dec, 1st, 1830, Neal had patented 80 acres of land (E ½ of the NW ¼ of Section 26, Township 13, Range 4) in Carroll Co, OH..." "The bride, whom Neal had married in 1826, was Sarah A. Kemp. She came from a family who owned a woolen mill on Tub Run at Rich Hill, near Turkeyfoot. She was a dauntless worker, could even butcher a hog herself if the need arose, and she never let work go undone." (Olsen, p161)
Neal prospered in Ohio, but signed a surety bond for a county sheriff. The Sheriff absconded with the county funds, and since the co-signer had filed a bill of bankruptcy, Cornelius was held accountable. At that time the State of Ohio had a law that called for imprisonment of defaulting debtors. The county sold Neal's farm and personal property, but it was not enough money to cover the loss, he was incarcerated in the state penitentiary. (Olsen, p161).
"It was then [1845] he wrote his brother Elijah at Sang Run of his predicament." Elijah rode out on horseback to see the Governor of Ohio, and obtained a pardon for Cornelius. When the pardon was presented, the warden released Cornelius. Elijah returned home to get David Harrison, and his team of horses to bring Neal and his family back. The only remembrance of the trip back was when six year old Willie fell over board. "The four children who were brought home - the ones Sarah referred to as her "Buckeyes" - were Ira Ellis, John H., Elizabeth (Olsen, p162) and William H.H. Four had died in Ohio, Mariah, William, Sarah Jane and James. Three, Martha Jane, Marshall, and Zachariah were born in Maryland." (Olsen, p163).
"While Neal was gone his large family had dwindled. His 82 year old father, and the youngest, David Harrison, were all that were home. The mother, Elizabeth Ward, was gone; she died in 1845 after living just fifty years at the Senging Grounds. Neal's brother Joseph, had lost two children in a fire that burned his home at Green Glade, and his adventurous oldest son Aza, was off to fight in the Mexican War (and so it is said to be killed in that war). Troubles had beset two of his sisters. Sister Sally had become a widow when husband, Robinson, was killed in a barn raising; and his young sister, Becky Johnson, had lost her husband also." (Olsen, p163).
"It seemed that all the family, but Becky, were able to reconstruct their lives. Sally, whose bright, beaming disposition carried through her troubles to the end of her days, and remarried; and her new husband was her tall, dark-eyed, cousin John S. of Friends Fortune. (Sally's sons, Wesley, Amos and Cornelius Ward Savage, would marry John S.'s daughters, Mary and Sophia, but Sarah and John S. would have no issue.)" (Olsen, p163).
"It was different with pretty little blonde Rebecca who was disconsolate over the death of her husband John.
'While carrying the mail in 1843, John had forded the icy river and contracted what was then called 'galloping consumption.' Of course, doctors were scarce, and, in July; letters were sent. Mr. John Hoye in Cumberland, requesting medical advice. Mr. Hoye wrote that the doctor recommended John be cupped - it would be better if cupping could be done - he also sent a vial of drops and ointment for a breast plaster to be put where the hurt was worst. But no remedies from Cumberland, nor herbs from the attic would allay the consumption, and death came in January 1844. Rebecca was ill over this blow for a long time. She improved some, but according to her descendent, Miss Ruth Hoye, she never regained much interest in life - 'hardly even caring for her children.' " (Olsen, p163).
"Happier events were the arrival of nieces and nephews including brother Elijah's boys, Joseph and John; and sister Liz Hoye's Mary, William and Elijah; and the new weddings." (Olsen, p163).
"Brother Willis was involved with the issue of the day. He, who didn't mind "grazing danger," was a conductor on the underground. His eerie plateau was becoming a hide-a-way for escaping slaves, and he was willing to pilot the run-aways through the swamps or marshes to free soil in the North. On one of these underground "railroad" operations, he would even help one of Hoye's slaves, a girl named Nancy, to escape. It seems Nancy, at Crabtree Bottom, had met one of the group, a young single fellow who was hiding at Willis' station nearby waiting for pursuers to be sidetracked and she envisioned a new and better life for herself." (Olsen, p164).
"One night, while Willis was driving a group of Negroes the next station, he heard someone calling and coming after them - a terrifying incident at first; then the pursuer turned out to be Nancy, who begged to be taken along with the crowd. Willis consented and drove all of them safely to the next station. They apparently escaped detection for that was the last the Hoyes ever saw of Nancy. The Hoyes, mild mannered people that they were, did not begrudge Nancy her freedom. On their ledgers was plenty of lost property, but none that they needed to worry about." (Olsen, p164).
"Yes, Neal was home again. The calamus lilies marched up to the doorways, and the seng still grew under the oaks along the Run. Although impoverished as his creditors had come and taken "everything down to the knives and forks on the table," Neal was ready to begin anew. He started downing trees and removing rocks, barrowful after barrowful, as his sons who helped, will remember. He was thirty-eight years old, six feet, seven inches tall and built proportionately. He was powerful enough to cradle an acre of wheat in one hour which won him a five dollar bet from old Mr. Jamison of Blooming Rose who thought the feat an impossibility. Perhaps Neal's attitude is reflected in his usual saying to his grandson, Walter Friend, as they would start out fishing in Little Buffalo, 'We are going to catch that big fish today.'" (Olsen, p164)
He built a cabin by a spring on Friends' delight on the west side of the river - later the Elijah Hoye land - and he cleared a large field there, ever afterwards known as the "Uncle Neal Field." (Olsen, p164)
In 1851 be bought a farm on Cherry Hill near the Mineral Springs not far from Sand Spring. The name Cherry Hill suggests a similarity of the site with that of Cherry Tree Meadows where 'tall columns four feet across rose sixty feet before branching.' Adjoining Cherry Hill were glades, feeding grounds of the woolly traffic which had left behind a carcass or two, which had resulted in the streams being named 'Big 'Buffalo' and 'Little Buffalo.'" (Olsen, p165)
"Besides farming, Neal operated a "Grog and Grocery Shop." He was also a large scale stock raiser, and took advantage of the glades for pasturing his cattle, a custom whereby different men in old Allegany acquired wealth. He became Justice of the Peace; and at Republican rallies, held at the Ira E. Friend school at the Crossroads, built circa, 1866, his stentorian voice could be heard supporting high tariffs, and advocating a strong arm "at the helm of the Federal government." (Olsen, p165).
"In Neal's old age he was surrounded by his heirs as his children remained in Maryland and nearby West Virginia, and married locally. His descendents and acquaintances have given candid account of life on the Ridge, noting the family's industry, humor, religion, thrift." (Olsen, p165)
"In the Grog and Grocery Shop, whiskey was sold as an everyday commodity, the same as sugar, tea or vinegar as grandson Percy Simms Friend emphasized. 'The grog was in a 52 gallon barrel and was drawn out through a spigot into pint tincups.' Percy was of the opinion that this was superior whiskey and did not hurt the people who partook of it. Another Friend clarified, '... it was before the war and merchants sold whiskey then . . . a man bought a pint of whisky then would go about his business . . . there was no tariff on it . . . it was unadulterated. . . and it was pure. It didn't make them crazy . . . now if one drinks he loses his mind.' " (Olsen, p165).
" 'Dog Ridge' was the name associated with the summit area where Neal was situated. Neal's grandchildren never knew of any connections between any relative of theirs and moonshine operations. They are positive Neal's sons were all temperate, 'keeping dogs' or operating a still had nothing to do with their forbears." (Olsen, p166). [comment, Dog Ridge is due west of Sang Run, and southwest of Friendsville, MD.]
"Neal's children each acquired a fair education. All but John H. were school teachers, Ira and Taylor were county commissioners, and William H.H., who had only forty days of schooling in his life, taught himself law and surveying. It is doubted if there is a farm on Blooming Rose he didn't survey." (Olsen, p166).
"Ira with his farm of 600 acres was the most successful financially. One of his employees, Mr. Bert Kahn, praised him, stating, Ira taught him all he knew of farming and "your money was on your plate the minute it was done," (Olsen, p166).
"His [John H.] niece Blanche stated, 'Uncle John was a handsome old fellow. He had a Roman nose, skin dark reddish, a low broad forehead - his head slanted back like George Washington's. Rev. David Harrison had the same type of forehead. Uncle Taylor had the same Roman nose, dark hair, coal black eyes" (Olsen, p168).
"The seventeen years the family lived in Ohio was during the time camp meetings were popular; and Neal and Sarah would pack their 'vittles' in a wooden chest." (Olsen, p170).
"Rather late in life, Neal bought a place just across the line in West Virginia. He and Sarah lived there until Neal's death in January 1884. Their log house was a story and half high with a porch across the front and a hallway where saddles and bridles were kept under the staircase."
USGS Quad, Accident, MD, 1900.
historical.maptech.com/getImage.cfm?fname=accd00nw.jpg&state=MD [accessed Dec 2004]
